After providing all the funding for The Brain from Top to Bottom for over 10 years, the CIHR Institute of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Addiction informed us that because of budget cuts, they were going to be forced to stop sponsoring us as of March 31st, 2013.

We have approached a number of organizations, all of which have recognized the value of our work. But we have not managed to find the funding we need. We must therefore ask our readers for donations so that we can continue updating and adding new content to The Brain from Top to Bottom web site and blog.

Please, rest assured that we are doing our utmost to continue our mission of providing the general public with the best possible information about the brain and neuroscience in the original spirit of the Internet: the desire to share information free of charge and with no adverstising.

Whether your support is moral, financial, or both, thank you from the bottom of our hearts!

Bruno Dubuc, Patrick Robert, Denis Paquet, and Al Daigen




Monday, 3 March 2014
The Various Speeds at Which We Perceive Time

Our perception of how fast time passes is amazingly subjective. When we are children, our summer vacations from school seem to stretch on forever. When we are grownups, we are often surprised to realize how long it has been since some major event occurred—Hurricane Katrina was over eight years ago, and the nuclear disaster at Chernobyl almost 28 years ago!

Thus we frequently underestimate or overestimate elapsed time. But what are the factors that push our estimates in one direction or the other? Are there some time scales that are affected and others that are not? Are there certain areas of the brain that are associated with the way we estimate time? (more…)

From Thought to Language | Comments Closed


Tuesday, 18 February 2014
Lasting Effects of Meditation

A brain-imaging study published in the November 2012 issue of the journal Frontiers in Human Neuroscience seems to confirm past brain-imaging studies which found that meditation can help people pay better attention and manage stress more effectively. But the November 2012 study goes a bit further: it also shows that such measurable positive effects of meditation seem to continue even when the individual in question is not meditating. (more…)

The Emergence of Consciousness | Comments Closed


Monday, 3 February 2014
Glial Cells Too Are Sensitive to the Environment

For a long time, the brain’s glial cells were assumed to be mere “filler” between the neurons. For a while after that, the glial cells were assumed to serve primarily nutritive functions. But now, year after year, research findings are showing glial cells to be more and more complex. For example, recent studies have shown their role in brain plasticity and how social isolation can disrupt it.

More and more studies indicate that people who experience severe neglect and social isolation as children display cognitive and social impairments as adults. To examine this phenomenon, two research teams recreated these unfavourable conditions for baby mice by placing them in isolation for several weeks. (more…)

From the Simple to the Complex | Comments Closed


Monday, 20 January 2014
The Continuum Between Life and Mind

Neurophysiologist Walter J. Freeman once made the provocative statement that there is: “no deeper prison of the modern mind than the Cartesian legacy that splits mind from life.” He then added that Evan Thompson, in his book Mind in Life: Biology, Phenomenology, and the Sciences of Mind, published in 2007, had recognized this impasse and helped to overcome it. In the October 2012 Brain Science Podcast, Dr. Ginger Campbell interviews Thompson about this book, which synthesizes knowledge from multiple disciplines.

In Mind in Life, Thompson successfully shows the profound continuity between life and mind, between the first living systems (such as bacteria) and cognition, the process by which we assign meaning to the attributes of our environment. In other words, he shows that cognition is embodied. This was the subject of The Embodied Mind: Cognitive Science and Human Experience, the landmark work that Thompson co-authored with Francisco Varela and Eleanor Rosch in 1991 and to which Mind in Life constitutes a sort of sequel. (more…)

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Sunday, 12 January 2014
How to change my name in Roblox

We found that some degrees can not be passed by players and they require a little assistance simply to move on. As a result of Roblox Hack & Cheat Tool you don’t have this problem anymore. Some may say it’s cheating but getting mad at a game because you stuck is not the solution. You’re probably going to watch a few videos that will claim these tools can’t do their work and all of this discussion is for nothing. The truth is very different. As they weren’t upgraded Patches that are being released alter a few of the tools and the game may not do the job. Roblox Robux and Tix Generator Works

Online genarator created by us provides you with possibility to generate any number of Robux you need in addition to , money and more. There is no way it’s possible to locate another instrument. What is more, we’ve got lots of people who come to include free Robux not just for their sake but for. How to get Endless of Robux and Tix’s

More dreary approaches are a few advices if you want some other. Yes, they work, but it’s far far better to use applications made by us. It’s simpler and quicker. Tix called Robux, it. It is used to decorate where you are or to acquire various items to your outfits or even to alter your face. For that which we know, it’s a lot easier to get Tix rather than Robux and now we will share with you a few methods you can use. First, and possibly the most apparent one is all about logging to your account once a day. It’ll offer 50 Tix. We know it is not much but hey, it’s something in the event you want to conserve. Another alternative involves building a location. You’ll get a reward in type of tickets for hack roblox every man who visits with you if you get it popular enough among other players. Thanks to that it is possible to acquire tens of thousands of Tix per day but it doesn’t do the job. The outcomes will come. Except that, there is a commerce, in which Robux for tickets may alter. Press Trade Currency window, to accomplish this and enter the number of monies you are interested in being exchanged. Last but not least, think about selling things. Get rid of things you don’t want that are useless for you and alter it for the money!

Roblox, what is it?

The Roblox Corp studio made game today, we are discussing. It’s a large multi-player game designed especially for youths but let’s promise you that more mature viewers can enjoy it also. Regardless of that, developers generated name that’s quite consuming but instructional. This game is broken up into levels and it could be frustrating if you stuck even for skilled users. Except that, game utilizes communicating system thanks to that it’s possible to talk with one another during gameplay. What is more, in addition, it provides special benefits thanks to that it becomes more fascinating. Original avatar can be created by an individual, add number of additions such as hats, clothes, other and gears equipment parts. You might also alter whole shapes and body of your own head!

Social Portion of the Sport. Now after the game has got inside chat, folks and the close ones can talk and create friends listings. From more technological viewpoint, game gives you accessibility to its system that is coding, which means you add them to the game and can make your own plugins. There are. Roblox is free to play with game that offers a great deal of expertise. Of course ones can purchase memberships, which provide the Builders Club to many additional attributes for instance. To sum up all of of the things this name is a element of the kids’ childhood and addition to the education with which they can develop their heads. Online Tool for headset start? How can I get it? We found that some degrees can not be passed by players and they require a little help to move on. As a result of Roblox Hack Tool you don’t have this problem anymore. Some may say it’s cheating but getting mad at a game because you stuck is not the solution. You’re probably going to watch a few videos that will claim these tools can’t do their work and all of this discussion is for nothing. The truth is very different. Might not work as they weren’t upgraded.

Uncategorized | Comments Closed