{"id":256,"date":"2013-01-14T16:23:02","date_gmt":"2013-01-14T16:23:02","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.blog-thebrain.org\/?p=498"},"modified":"2022-01-04T19:50:31","modified_gmt":"2022-01-04T19:50:31","slug":"links-on-forgetting-and-amnesia","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.blog-thebrain.org\/advanced\/2013\/01\/14\/links-on-forgetting-and-amnesia\/","title":{"rendered":"Links on Forgetting and Amnesia"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-850\" src=\"https:\/\/www.blog-lecerveau.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/trace11.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"110\" height=\"110\" \/>This week, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.blog-thebrain.org\/blog\/2012\/05\/14\/links-about-brain-anatomy\/\"><span style=\"color: #ff9900;\"><span style=\"color: #008080;\">as I have before in this blog<\/span><\/span><\/a>, I am posting a set of new links to other web sites that discuss a subject covered in <em>The Brain from Top to Bottom<\/em>. The subject this week is the sub-topic \u201c<strong>Forgetting and Amnesia<\/strong>\u201d under the topic \u201cMemory and the Brain\u201d. For each link, I also provide a brief description of the content on the site in question.<!--more--><\/p>\n<p><strong>Molecular Level <\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.blog-lecerveau.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/i_lien.gif\" alt=\"i_lien\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\" \/> <\/strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.sciencedaily.com\/releases\/2009\/02\/090211161934.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"color: #008080;\"><strong>Why Sleep Is Needed To Form Memories<\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p>By allowing calcium ions to enter the neurons while your brain is learning something, <span style=\"color: #008080;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thebrain.mcgill.ca\/flash\/i\/i_07\/i_07_m\/i_07_m_tra\/i_07_m_tra.html\"><span style=\"color: #008080;\">NMDA receptors<\/span><\/a> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">trigger a cascade of enzymatic reactions that appear to be truly effective only if you are asleep.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>Neurological Level <\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.blog-lecerveau.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/i_lien.gif\" alt=\"i_lien\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\" \/> <\/strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.pbs.org\/wgbh\/nova\/sciencenow\/0407\/02.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"color: #008080;\"><strong>How Memory Works<\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p>This site presents a 10-minute video about advances in scientific understanding of human memory, and in particular the contribution of the studies on <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thebrain.mcgill.ca\/flash\/i\/i_07\/i_07_p\/i_07_p_oub\/i_07_p_oub.html#3\"><span style=\"color: #008080;\">Patient H.M.<\/span><\/a> and on certain molecules involved in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thebrain.mcgill.ca\/flash\/i\/i_07\/i_07_cl\/i_07_cl_tra\/i_07_cl_tra.html\"><span style=\"color: #008080;\">strengthening synapses<\/span>.<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.blog-lecerveau.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/i_rec.gif\" alt=\"i_lien\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\" \/> <\/strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.psychomedia.qc.ca\/neuropsychologie\/2009-08-25\/entretien-avec-brenda-milner-91-ans-pionniere-de-la-neuropsychologie\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"color: #008080;\"><strong>Article about Brenda Milner, age 91, a pioneer of neuropsychology<\/strong><\/span><\/a> (in French)<\/p>\n<p>Article based on an interview with Dr. Brenda Milner, a major figure in the history of neuropsychology, famous among other things for her 30 years of studies on <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thebrain.mcgill.ca\/flash\/i\/i_07\/i_07_p\/i_07_p_oub\/i_07_p_oub.html#3\"><span style=\"color: #008080;\">Patient H.M.<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Psychological Level<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.blog-lecerveau.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/i_lien.gif\" alt=\"i_lien\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\" \/> <\/strong><a href=\"http:\/\/mindblog.dericbownds.net\/2009\/02\/for-memory-enhancement-kind-of-sleep.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"color: #008080;\"><strong>For memory enhancement, the kind of sleep you get is important<\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p>In studies where the subjects were prevented from reaching the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thebrain.mcgill.ca\/flash\/i\/i_11\/i_11_p\/i_11_p_cyc\/i_11_p_cyc.html\"><span style=\"color: #008080;\"> stage of deep sleep <\/span><\/a>but were not awakened, they subsequently displayed poorer visual memory and less activity in the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thebrain.mcgill.ca\/flash\/i\/i_07\/i_07_cr\/i_07_cr_tra\/i_07_cr_tra.html#2\"><span style=\"color: #008080;\">hippocampus<\/span><\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.blog-lecerveau.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/i_lien.gif\" alt=\"i_lien\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\" \/> <\/strong><a href=\"http:\/\/phenomena.nationalgeographic.com\/2009\/11\/20\/memories-can-be-strengthened-while-we-sleep-by-providing-the-right-triggers\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"color: #008080;\"><strong>Memories can be strengthened while we sleep by providing the right triggers<\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p>In the experiment reported here, subjects were asked to memorize the positions of various objects on a screen, while a relevant sound for each object was played back to them. While the subjects then napped, some of these sounds were played again. Afterward, the subjects more accurately remembered the positions of those objects whose sounds had been played again while they slept.<\/p>\n<p><strong><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.blog-lecerveau.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/i_lien.gif\" alt=\"i_lien\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\" \/> <\/strong><a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Neural_basis_of_synesthesia\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"color: #008080;\"><strong>Neural basis of synesthesia<\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p>A discussion of two theories that might explain <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thebrain.mcgill.ca\/flash\/i\/i_07\/i_07_p\/i_07_p_oub\/i_07_p_oub.html\"><span style=\"color: #008080;\">synesthesia<\/span><\/a> and that are not mutually exclusive: cross-activation and disinhibited feedback.<\/p>\n<p><strong><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.blog-lecerveau.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/i_lien.gif\" alt=\"i_lien\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\" \/> <\/strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.cyberpresse.ca\/vivre\/sante\/200903\/29\/01-841335-championnat-de-memorisation-un-sport-extreme.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"color: #008080;\"><strong>The USA Memory Championship: An Extreme Sport<\/strong><\/span><\/a> (in French)<\/p>\n<p>Details on the training regimen and the bizarre <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thebrain.mcgill.ca\/flash\/i\/i_07\/i_07_p\/i_07_p_oub\/i_07_p_oub.html\"><span style=\"color: #008080;\">mnemonic devices<\/span><\/a> used by the contestants in the USA Memory Championship.<\/p>\n<p><strong><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.blog-lecerveau.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/i_lien.gif\" alt=\"i_lien\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\" \/> <\/strong><a href=\"http:\/\/scienceblogs.com\/cognitivedaily\/2009\/04\/a_quick_eye-exercise_can_impro.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"color: #008080;\"><strong>A quick eye-exercise can improve your performance on memory tests (but only if you\u2019re right-handed)<\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p>In strongly right-handed people, simply moving their eyes from side to side for about 30 seconds before taking a word-memorization test improves their score, possibly by facilitating communication between the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thebrain.mcgill.ca\/flash\/d\/d_01\/d_01_cr\/d_01_cr_ana\/d_01_cr_ana.html\"><span style=\"color: #ff9900;\">two hemispheres of the brain<\/span><\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>This week, as I have before in this blog, I am posting a set of new links to other web sites that discuss a subject covered in The Brain from Top to Bottom. The subject this week is the sub-topic \u201cForgetting and Amnesia\u201d under the topic \u201cMemory and the Brain\u201d. For each link, I also [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[4],"tags":[35,111],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.blog-thebrain.org\/advanced\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/256"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.blog-thebrain.org\/advanced\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.blog-thebrain.org\/advanced\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.blog-thebrain.org\/advanced\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.blog-thebrain.org\/advanced\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=256"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/www.blog-thebrain.org\/advanced\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/256\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1018,"href":"https:\/\/www.blog-thebrain.org\/advanced\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/256\/revisions\/1018"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.blog-thebrain.org\/advanced\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=256"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.blog-thebrain.org\/advanced\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=256"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.blog-thebrain.org\/advanced\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=256"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}